But the court, in its emergency-docket order, left in place by a 5-4 order a lower court ruling that threw out National Institutes of Health memos that enforced the administration's policies.

Justice Ketanji Brown Jackson said a recent Supreme Court decision lobs a "grenade" without evaluating the impact of the ruling.

The Supreme Court’s landmark opinion on same-sex marriage isn’t the only high-profile precedent the justices will have an opportunity to tinker with – or entirely scrap – when the court reconvenes this fall.