Why do some people fail to cooperate, either in business or life? Why do deals and commitments fall through? Why do partners or lovers stop working together? These are fundamental problems in all of ...

Expectancy theory is a common motivational theory postulating that people often are more motivated when they project a positive outcome from their work. Expected performance outcomes, rewards for ...

Monitoring and evaluating the consequences of our behaviour is important for learning from past events and for action selection in an uncertain environment. Crucially, both positive and negative ...