Extremely thin films of material are used to make everything from potato chip bags to solar cells, and vapor deposition processes are the common techniques used to make thin layers. Vapor deposition ...

It is classified as bottom-up manufacturing which involves building up of the atom or molecular constituents as against the top method which involves making smaller and smaller structures through ...

Over the past decade, perovskite-silicon tandem solar cells have demonstrated a stunning development. In research, efficiencies of more than 33 percent have been shown, exceeding by far those of ...

The term "ALD" was first used around 2000. This technique achieves atomic layer control and conformal deposition through successive, self-limiting surface reactions. It involves introducing chemical ...

The fabrication of nanoscale devices increasingly relies on techniques that offer atomic‐scale precision, with Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) and Area-Selective Deposition (ASD) at the forefront. ALD ...

“You can never be too rich or too thin,” the saying goes, and when it comes to coatings, it’s true that thinner is often better. The way to truly thin coatings, ones that are sometimes only a few ...

The existing surface termination technique using hydrogen to stabilize the diamond's structure for application in electronic power devices results in two-dimensional hole gas layers (2DHG). Attempting ...